Presidente julius nyerere biography

He governed Tanganyika as prime minister from to and then as president from to , after which he led its successor state, Tanzania , as president from to Ideologically an African nationalist and African socialist , he promoted a political philosophy known as Ujamaa.

What is julius nyerere famous for

In he returned to Tanganyika, married, and worked as a school teacher. Influenced by the Indian independence leader Mahatma Gandhi , Nyerere preached non-violent protest to achieve this aim. Elected to the Legislative Council in the — elections , Nyerere then led TANU to victory at the general election , becoming prime minister. Negotiations with the British authorities resulted in Tanganyikan independence in In , Tanganyika became a republic, with Nyerere elected as its first president.

His administration pursued decolonisation and the "Africanisation" of the civil service while promoting unity between indigenous Africans and the country's Asian and European minorities. He encouraged the formation of a one-party state and unsuccessfully pursued the Pan-Africanist formation of an East African Federation with Uganda and Kenya.

A mutiny within the army was suppressed with British assistance. Following the Zanzibar Revolution of , the island of Zanzibar was unified with Tanganyika to form Tanzania. After this, Nyerere placed a growing emphasis on national self-reliance and socialism. Although his socialism differed from that promoted by Marxism—Leninism , Tanzania developed close links with Mao Zedong's China.

In , Nyerere issued the Arusha Declaration which outlined his vision of ujamaa. Banks and other major industries and companies were nationalized; education and healthcare were significantly expanded. Renewed emphasis was placed on agricultural development through the formation of communal farms, although these reforms hampered food production and left areas dependent on food aid.